Food

Mixmaster

Aug 7 2009, 12:45 pm

The Two Extremes of German Beer

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Photo by St0rmz/Flickr CC


Germans do the best things with beer--and the worst. In the 16th century they set down the Reinheitsgebot, or Purity Law, which restricted the ingredients of beer to water, hops, malted barley, and yeast--a brewing straight jacket, but one that introduced quality and standards to a vague and shoddy profession (whether or not the Reinheitsgebot is still a good model to follow is up for debate; see my last post). And of course the Germans make some of the best beer in the world--Schneider, Weihenstephan, Schlenkerla.

All of this is old hat in America. At some point in the 19th century, German immigrant brewing culture crowded out the Colonial-era British ale culture--so thoroughly, in fact, that today almost all the beer consumed in this country is light pilsner. Despite the Belgians' upsurge in popularity among the chattering classes, German beer is still synonymous with quality in America.
The cherry flavor was overwhelming: thick, sickly sweet, with almost none of the typical porter maltiness to speak of. It was like drinking sugary motor oil.
One thing Americans don't know, though, is how much Germans abuse their beer bona fides. It's true--you can walk into just about any corner store and find an array of world-famous beers for under 2 euros. But sitting alongside them, giggling in lightweight glee, are a proliferating panoply of...wait for it...flavored beers. Gasp.

Here's the scene: Last week I was hurrying to a party in Wedding, a north-central district in Berlin. I hopped into a corner store and grabbed the first five bottles that caught my eye. A schwarzbier, a helles, a wheat beer, a kolsch, and a porter by a company called Kirsch. I'd never heard of Kirsch, let alone a German porter. So naturally, into the bag it went.

As soon as I got to the party, I cracked open the Kirsch. I immediately tasted my mistake. Kirsch is German for cherry, and Kirsch wasn't the company, but rather the flavor--I was drinking a Biermischgetraenk, or "beer mixed drink," with 90 percent porter and 10 percent black cherry syrup. To make things worse, the porter itself had extra sugar added--because hell, once you've broken the Reinheitsgebot in search of sweetness, you might as well go all out. The cherry flavor was overwhelming: thick, sickly sweet, with almost none of the typical porter maltiness to speak of. It was like drinking sugary motor oil.

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Photo by Clay Risen


Over the next few days, I noticed more Biermischgetranke--strawberry porters, lime pilsners; Beck's even makes a Beck's Lemon. There's a whole subgenre of beer and cola drinks. All of them follow the same recipe: The sweetening flavor isn't added during the brewing process, but only after. And then there's the Berliner mit Schuss. A Berliner is a light wheat beer, typical to the region and not especially tasty. To differentiate it, locals add a shot, or schuss, of sweet food coloring--green or red, your choice. Why they'd choose either is beyond me. Then again, apparently locals also choose cherry porter.

What's that? What about lambics, you say? It's true--fruit lambics are indeed made with fruit flavorings. But the best are made with real fruit, and it's added during the brewing process; the fruit creates a second fermentation, and becomes one with the beer. The worst--and there are a lot of them--are made with syrups. But even then, the brewers still seem to strive for balance, using the sweetness or tartness of the fruit to offset, say, a strong malt flavor. German beer drinks have no balance to speak of.

Why, Deutschland, why? I've got two theories. First off, Germany is still beer land. You can get wasted on wine, and vodka's everywhere, but beer rules. The thing is, a lot of consumers, even German consumers, just don't like beer. So to rope them in, breweries add sweeteners. American breweries have tried the same--Tequiza, or Bud Lite Lime--but without as much success, because American drinkers have lots of other options. But at the typical German Biergarten, they're more or less SOL. They're a market without a supply. Enter beer drinks.

Second, and related, is the strictness of the Reinheitsgebot itself. Once you've added even a tiny variation to the standard beer recipe, you can't call it beer anymore. Such rules make experimentation difficult, but like the strict Calvinist preacher to his children, they also encourage the development of wild, "beer-like" products--especially when there's an entire, underserved market to exploit. (In a way, if you'll follow my digression, it follows that the efforts by mega-breweries to, ahem, water down U.S. laws about what is and isn't beer ironically paved the way for today's adventurous craft brewers, who add all sorts of stuff to their recipes and still get to call the finished product "beer.")

Some of the German beer-drinks are good, some are bad, and I'll admit that on a hot summer day, I might find myself craving a Kirsch Porter. But that's not the point. Rather, next time you get into a bar debate with a German about who makes the better beer, just remember--no matter how good Schneider Weisse is, it's not nearly as common as Beck's Lemon.

Comments (8)

Great post. Is wheat an allowed exception under the Purity Laws? I've always wondered that as I suck down a Weihenstephaner.

I'm living in Berlin.
@trevorb: Malted wheat is allowed under the "Reinheitsgebot" as long as the beer is brewed with bottom fermenting yeast, ie not in the pilsener style. With the more commone top-fermenting yeast aka saccharose cerevisae only malted barley is allowed.

The Berliner Weisse (white wheat beer) is drunken with sirup (raspberry=red or woodruff=green) because it is very sour. So sour indeed that you can't really drink it without sugar. And with only 2.2 ABV it's a very refreshing summer (beer garden) drink.

And yes, the other Biermischgetraenke are a shame.

luap.myid.net

trevortb:

Wikipedia has a good write-up: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinheitsgebot

Select quotes:

"Reinheitsgebot was introduced in part to prevent price competition with bakers for wheat and rye. The restriction of grains to barley was meant to ensure the availability of sufficient amounts of affordable bread, as the more valuable wheat and rye were reserved for use by bakers. Today many Bavarian beers are again brewed using wheat and are thus no longer compliant with the Reinheitsgebot."


"In the original text, the only ingredients that could be used in the production of beer were water, barley, and hops. The law also set the price of beer at 1-2 Pfennig per Maß. The Reinheitsgebot is no longer part of German law: it has been replaced by the Provisional German Beer Law (Vorläufiges Deutsches Biergesetz (Provisional German Beer-law of 1993)), which allows constituent components prohibited in the Reinheitsgebot, such as wheat malt and cane sugar, but which no longer allows unmalted barley."

Pivní Filosof

Please! Reinheitsgebot never intended to assure the quality of the beer, it never mentions processes, which are more important than ingredients. It was meant to protect the quality and price of bread.

To trevortb. The law was ammended in the 17th or 18th century to allow for malted wheat and rye to be used only in top fermenting beers. Sugar is allowed in those beers, too.

For more on that, read this great piece on the subject by Ron Pattison

And Clay, what you had was probably not "officially" called "bier". You can make beer with any kind of ingredients you want, but likely is that you won't be able to sell it as such.

Actually, Belgium is the place for beer; and, as soon as you taste the Trappist beers from Westvleteren, you will have the true 'Eureka' experience. If you must drink cherry beer, try Lindemans Kriek. As far as White is concerned Hoegaarden's wit is the thing to drink.

Pivní Filosof (Replying to: Waddy)

Oh, I've had Westvleteren 12 and didn't experience anything close to an Eureka moment. Great beer, yes, but I've had better, even among Trappist.

Lindemans Kriek, is not even made with cherries. Try Cantillon. It is made with cherries 400g to the litre, and it will really blow your mind.

Hoeegaarden? Fine beer for something from AB-InBev, yes, but there are better witbier in Belgium. Actually, come to think of it, I've recently had a Norwegian and a Czech witbier that kick some serious InBev a*s.

I wonder if one of the antecedents to the Biermischgetranke is the mix of helles beer and lemonade that you can get at many German bier gardens. When I visit Germany and go drinking with my 60+ aunt and uncle she always orders the bier and lemonade mix. He, of course, does not.

It's pretty vile tasting, but it seems to satisfy women (and some men, I'm sure) who want to go to the bier garden, but don't want the full on bier experience. That would jive with your thoughts about the limited options for beverages in Germany, compared to the United States. I'm a young woman and I'll drink the beer any day -- especially in Germany! -- but just a thought.

I do love those Belgian Trappist beers...

The same is true of teas. At a time when many are looking for less processed foods, there is a disconnect where teas are concerned: most places that serve/sell teas offer more flavored teas than unflavored teas. Like the flavored beers you described, flavors like mango and peach are added (sprayed onto leaves) after the tea is finished. Odd too that the same people who select a pomegranate green tea or a melon white would dismiss fruit flavored wines. (More on my tea blog, www.readingthetealeaves.com)

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